How to wash and choose clothes for atopic dermatitis

In this article, we share 10 recommendations on choosing and washing clothes if you or your child have atopic dermatitis.

When a person — or their child — has atopic skin, it is common to have questions about which fabrics to choose and how clothes should be washed to reduce irritation and the risk of flare-ups.

Below are 10 recommendations frequently discussed in consultation, based on the available scientific literature on clothing and atopic dermatitis.

1. Avoid overheating by using layers

Children with atopic dermatitis should not be overdressed, as heat and sweating can aggravate itching and irritation. Dressing in layers makes it easier to add or remove clothing according to the ambient temperature.

2. Choose cotton

Clothing that is in direct contact with the skin should preferably be soft, lightweight and breathable. Cotton is commonly well tolerated and can be a practical option.

3. Take care with wool and synthetic fabrics

Wool and some synthetic fabrics can irritate sensitive skin. Where they are used, it may be preferable to avoid direct contact with the skin.

4. Wash new clothes before wearing them

New clothing should be washed before first use to remove finishing agents, fragrances or other substances that may remain on the fabric after manufacturing and storage.

5. Use detergents suitable for sensitive skin

Laundry should be washed with mild hypoallergenic detergents designed or tested for sensitive skin.

6. Use only the necessary amount of detergent, avoid fabric softener and rinse thoroughly

Use the minimum effective amount of detergent and consider avoiding fabric softener. Clothes should also be rinsed thoroughly to minimise detergent residues. Avoiding overloading the washing machine can help improve rinsing.

7. Choose loose-fitting clothes

Very tight clothing should generally be avoided because friction, elasticated areas and pressure can irritate the skin.

8. Take care with clothing labels

Labels can rub against the skin and cause irritation, particularly when made from stiff or rough material. Removing uncomfortable labels may therefore help.

9. Consider seamless underwear

Seamless underwear may reduce friction in sensitive areas.

10. Allow the skin to remain uncovered when appropriate

When the weather and circumstances allow, lighter clothing that leaves more of the skin uncovered may help reduce heat, sweating and friction.

Clothing measures are only one part of managing atopic dermatitis

Measures relating to clothing can complement other strategies for preventing and managing atopic dermatitis flare-ups. These include appropriate hygiene routines, reducing scratching, adapting care during school or summer activities and addressing other relevant environmental factors. As dermatologists expert in atopic dermatitis, we also emphasise the importance of regular and thorough use of appropriate emollients, particularly during the first months of life where clinically indicated. If eczema develops, it should be treated promptly with the medication prescribed for the individual patient.

We invite you to share this article on choosing and washing clothes for atopic dermatitis with family and friends who may find it useful.